English for Writing Research Papers

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Adrian Wallwork

English for Writing Research Papers Second Edition

English for Academic Research Series editor Adrian Wallwork Pisa Italy

This series aims to help non-native, English-speaking researchers communicate in English. The books in this series are designed like manuals or user guides to help readers find relevant information quickly, and assimilate it rapidly and effectively. The author has divided each book into short subsections of short paragraphs with many bullet points.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13913

Adrian Wallwork

English for Writing Research Papers Second Edition

Adrian Wallwork English for Academics Pisa Italy

English for Academic Research ISBN 978-3-319-26092-1 ISBN 978-3-319-26094-5 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-26094-5

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016933455 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London 漏 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Who is this book for? This book is part of the English for Research series of guides for academics of all disciplines who work in an international field. This volume focuses on how to write a research paper in English, though the majority of guidelines given would be appropriate for any language. It is designed both for inexperienced and experienced authors. EAP trainers can use this book in conjunction with: English for Academic Research: A Guide for Teachers.

How is this book organized? How should I read it? The book is divided into two parts and the full contents can be seen in the Contents on page ix. This Contents page also acts as a mini summary of the entire book. Part 1: Guidelines on how to improve your writing skills and level of readability. Part 2: Guidelines about what to write in each section (Abstract, Introduction, Methodolo